ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

                        II. HYPOTHALAMUS - Part of brain, “master gland”, target is HYPOPHYSIS ONLY

IH                                 INHIBITING HORMONES

RH                                RELEASING HORMONES

                        III. HYPOPHYSIS/PITUITARY

N                           A. NEUROHYPOPHYSIS - POSTERIOR PITUITARY, Hypothalamohypophyseal tract,

                                      Hypothalamus produces hormones, down H-H tract, stored & secreted from Neurohyp.

O                                  OXYTOCIN - uterine contractions, milk release

A                                  ADH  (VASOPRESSIN)-  increases water retention,  decreases urine volume

                             B. ADENOHYPOPHYSIS - ANTERIOR PITUITARY, Hypothalamohypophyseal portal system

GROW                          GH - GROWTH HORMONE (SOMATOTROPIN) - inc. metabolism, size

THY                              TSH - THYROID STIMULATING HORMONE - inc. thyroxine secretion

ADS                             ACTH - ADRENOCORTICOTROPIC HORMONE - inc. glucocorticoid secretion

MELS                           MSH - MELANOCYTE STIMULATING HORMONE - darkens skin

FOLLIES                       FSH - FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE - later...

LOSE                           LH - LEUTINIZING HORMONE - later...

PROS                           PROLACTIN - Milk production in women

                        IV. THYROID

THY                              THYROXINE -    increases metabolism

CAL                              CALCITONIN -   decreases Ca²⁺ in blood,  inhibits bone breakdown

                        V. PARATHYROID

                                    PTH - PARATHYROID HORMONE - increases Ca²⁺ in blood, stim. bone breakdown &

                                                                                                Ca²⁺ uptake in intestine & reabsorb. in kidney

A                      VI. ADRENALS - 1 endocrine gland inside another!

M                                 MEDULLA - Symp. n.s. stimulates

E                                              EPINEPHRINE - Preparation for physical activity

N                                              NOREPINEPHRINE -     “         “        “            “

C                                  CORTEX          

A                                              ALDOSTERONE - Z. glomerulosa,  inc. Na⁺ in blood,  dec. K⁺ in blood

G                                              GLUCOCORTICOIDS /CORTISOL- Z. fasciculata, inc. glucose in blood

A                                              ANDROGENS/SEX STEROIDS - Z. reticularis, hair in women

P                      VII. PANCREAS - Endocrine inside an exocrine gland

I                                   INSULIN - Beta cells, 75%,  decreases blood sugar, PARASYMP. stim.

G                                  GLUCAGON - Alpha cells, 20%,  increases blood sugar, SYMP. stim.

S                                  SOMATOSTATIN - Delta cells, 5%, inhibits glucagon & insulin secretion

                        IX. MISCELLANEOUS

P                            PINEAL BODY - Inhibits reprod. fxns; sleep patterns & rhythms; puberty; dec. GnRh

A                                  ARGININE VASOTOCIN

M                                 MELATONIN

                              THYMUS

THYMO                         THYMOSIN - Immunity

                              OTHERS. . .

P                                  PROSTAGLANDINS - local,  stim. pain & inflammation; inhib. by aspirin

E                                  ENDORPHINS - natural analgesic, binds to morphine receptors

E                                  ENKEPHALINS - natural analgesic, "     "         "             "